What are the signs of a bad starter? the starting system cranks the engine, it generally uses a DC motor that operates on electric energy from a battery. The motor rotates when the ignition switch is turned on (ST position).
The turning force of the starter motor is delivered through its pinion gear to the flywheel ring gear that is attached to the crankshaft. When starting the engine, a large amount of torque is required to compress the air-fuel mixture in the engine cylinders and overcome the engine’s oil viscous resistance and other loads. Therefore, a large current (150A to 200A) must flow through the starter motor, and consequently, the battery must be fully charged.
Car troubleshooting
Set the ignition switch to the start position to check the malfunction. Shift the AT selector lever to the P and N positions to check if the starter motor operates.
Check the fuse and the fusible link, refer to your car service manual related to your car if you are not sure of the location of the fuse and the fusible link.
Check the battery if the battery is fully charged if the battery terminal securely connected and not loose. Check the battery terminal if there is no presence of a cruddy-like substance (corrosion), observe the overall condition of the battery, then check the starting system wiring.
For AT vehicle, it is better to check it at the P/N position relay terminals.
Check relay operational sound. When the selector lever is shifted from D to N or from R to P with the ignition switch ON, check for the operational sound of the P/N relay.
When operational sound is heard
No.13 fuse and the inhibitor switch are OK. When the ignition switch is at the start
position and the No. 5 terminal of the starter relay has the battery voltage, the 30A The fusible link and ignition key are OK. Perform the contact continuity test for the individual relay. If the result is NG, replace it. If the result is OK, measure the voltage at the starter motor terminal S.
When operational sound is not heard
Measure the voltage of the relay at terminal 1. If it is OK, the no 13 fuse is normal. Then place the black test lead of the tester to terminal no.2 at the P/N position switch and check it. If it is OK, the P/N position switch is normal. Check the coil of the relay.
Inspect the starter, conduct a continuity test between terminal S, and switch to the body. If there is no continuity, replace the magnetic switch. conduct continuity test between terminal S and terminal M, if there is no continuity replace the magnetic switch.
Check the Pinion/Clutch, inspect the pinion test. Replace the pinion if the teeth are worn or damaged. Also, check the condition of the ring gear teeth. Check to see if the pinion locks in one direction and rotates smoothly in the opposite direction. If it locks or rotates in both directions, or unusual resistance is evident replace it.
Disassemble the starter motor and check the brush. Remove the magnetic switch, loosen through the bolt and separate the gear case.
Remove the dust cover and the snap ring that fixes the motor shaft.
When the rear cover is removed, the brush can be removed. Measure the brush length. The brush is wearing along with the mileage. Eventually, it will not come in contact with the armature, with the result that the motor will not function.
Check Brush Spring, check brush spring tension. Check Brush Holder perform the insulation test between the brush holder (positive side) and its base (negative side) if there is continuity replace it. Check the brush to see if it moves smoothly. If the brush holder is bent, replace it. If the sliding surface is dirty, clean it. Do not clamp the yoke in a vice or strike it with a hammer.
Check Yoke, the magnet is secured to the yoke by a bonding agent. Check the magnet to make sure that it is secured to the yoke and check for any cracks. If any malfunction is found, replace the yoke as an assembly.
Conduct continuity test (between two side by side segments) if there is no continuity, replace it. Conduct insulation test (between each commutator bar and the shaft) if there is continuity, replace it.
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